Background: Cultural diversity often leads to misunderstandings, clashes, conflicts, ethnocentrism, discrimination,\nand stereotyping due to the frequent intersection of many variables, such as differences in traditions, behaviours,\nethical and moral perspectives, conceptions of health and illness, and language barriers. The root of the issue is related\nto the way people conceptualise differences and the unique cultural and historical circumstances that have shaped\ndifferent groups� heritages. In this study, therefore, we aimed to investigate the perceptions of critical cultural competence\n(CCC) of registered nurses working in various hospitals across the province of British Columbia, Canada.\nMethod: Data were collected using Almutairi�s Critical Cultural Competence Scale (CCC Scale) with a random sample\nof 170 registered nurses. This scale measures four essential multidimensional components of the CCC model: critical\nawareness, critical knowledge, critical skills, and critical empowerment. Data were analysed using descriptive and\ninferential statistics (Kruskal-Wallis test).\nResults: The data revealed that participants� perceptions of CCC were positive with a mean score of 5.22 out of\n7.00 for the total number of items (n = 43) and a standard deviation of 0.54. The mean scores for the CCC subscales\nranged from 4.76 (for critical skills) to 5.42 (for critical empowerment). The results indicated a statistical difference in\nCCC perceptions based on participants� age and country of birth with p = 0.05 < 0.05 and 0.029 < 0.05, respectively.\nConclusion: Nurses� age (experience) and country of birth may influence their perceptions of CCC as gaining cultural\ncompetence requires exposure to caring for patients from various cultures and countries, and is associated with\ncultural knowledge and awareness. Therefore, this finding reveals that healthcare organizations must provide ongoing\ncultural education programs to increase their nursing staff�s level of cultural competence so they are better able to deal\nwith the difficulties that might arise during cross-cultural interactions.
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